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frm WB to CB
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WB in Digital

Research Studies

Research StudiesResearch StudiesResearch Studies
Home
Affecting Your Health
Bullying and sleep
Peronality and Soci Sci
Bully Free Workplace
Stress
Risk
Telomeres
PTSD
Boss
Bully
Targets and Nontargets
PTED
Some Basic Considerations
The Eye of the Beholder
Causes
Cyberbullying
Managing Bullying
Cancer
HR
Violence
Ostracism
Ostracism2
Job &Sleep
Worker Health
The Anti-Bullying Move
Targets
Intensive Remdial Identi
Dignity
Stress and Decsions
Psychological Safety
The Battered Apple
Stress At Work
The Fallout
Friendship
Consequences
Bullying & Brain Imaging
Cyberbullying & Women
CyberBullying & Justice
Define Cyberbulling
frm WB to CB
Int Sys & Apps
Cyber and Internet Use
Considerations
Womens Experiences
WB in Digital
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  • Home
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  • Bullying and sleep
  • Peronality and Soci Sci
  • Bully Free Workplace
  • Stress
  • Risk
  • Telomeres
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  • Boss
  • Bully
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  • Psychological Safety
  • The Battered Apple
  • Stress At Work
  • The Fallout
  • Friendship
  • Consequences
  • Bullying & Brain Imaging
  • Cyberbullying & Women
  • CyberBullying & Justice
  • Define Cyberbulling
  • frm WB to CB
  • Int Sys & Apps
  • Cyber and Internet Use
  • Considerations
  • Womens Experiences
  • WB in Digital
  • Home
  • Affecting Your Health
  • Bullying and sleep
  • Peronality and Soci Sci
  • Bully Free Workplace
  • Stress
  • Risk
  • Telomeres
  • PTSD
  • Boss
  • Bully
  • Targets and Nontargets
  • PTED
  • Some Basic Considerations
  • The Eye of the Beholder
  • Causes
  • Cyberbullying
  • Managing Bullying
  • Cancer
  • HR
  • Violence
  • Ostracism
  • Ostracism2
  • Job &Sleep
  • Worker Health
  • The Anti-Bullying Move
  • Targets
  • Intensive Remdial Identi
  • Dignity
  • Stress and Decsions
  • Psychological Safety
  • The Battered Apple
  • Stress At Work
  • The Fallout
  • Friendship
  • Consequences
  • Bullying & Brain Imaging
  • Cyberbullying & Women
  • CyberBullying & Justice
  • Define Cyberbulling
  • frm WB to CB
  • Int Sys & Apps
  • Cyber and Internet Use
  • Considerations
  • Womens Experiences
  • WB in Digital

Ostracism: The Kiss of Social Death

To be ostracized is to be ignored and excluded. How does ostracism affect individuals? Considerable 

research has now shown that the initial (reflexive) reac­ tions to even the most minimal forms of 

ostracism are painful and distressing.

Fundamental needs of belonging, self esteem, control, and meaningful existence are thwarted; 

sadness and anger increase. These effects emerge despite individual differences or situational 

factors that should lead logically to easy dismissal. With time to appraise the ostracism episode, 

individuals become differentially sensitized based on (i) the specific needs that are thwar ted, 

(ii) their own individual differ­ ences, and (iii) their assessment of who ostracizes and why. 

These differences lead to need-restorative behaviors that range from being overly socially 

attentive and susceptible to influence to being aggressive and antisocial.


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